Slayer's Christ Illusion is a surprisingly catchy power-pop record and makes for a fine accompaniment to your favorite exercise routine. As is the entirety of Gallows' Orchestra of Wolves.
I also have a dedicated exercise playlist, which has the following as highlights:
Comets on Fire - Bee & Cracking Eff and Whiskey River
Muse - Hysteria, Stockholm, Supermassive, Plug-in Baby
Hives - Tick Tock Boom, Die Alright, Here We Go Again
half of Against Me's New Wave album
Dino Jr - Almost Waiting
Jay Reatard - My Shadow, Night of Broken Glass
Dicks - Hate the Police
Metallica - Trapped Under Ice, Creeping Death
Art Brut - Direct Hit
a bunch of Ministry stuff
For a change of pace, I often turn to a immense Britpop playlist, which offers a choice selection of upbeat numbers.